Ikinari Musician (ファミリーシンセ いきなりミュージシャン, "Family Synthesize: Spontaneous Musician") is a 1987 Japan-exclusive video game that was released for the Family Computer. Although it is released as a game, it functions as a musical instrument resembles a physical electronic musical keyboard and synthesizer in many ways.

Magic Jewelry is an unlicensed tile-matching puzzle video game for the NES derivative to Columns. It was programmed by Hwang Shinwei in Taiwan and released in 1990 by RCM Group, without a license from Nintendo. The title is common on pirate Famicom multicarts and systems; for example, it is built into the Dynavision and Power Player Super Joy III, but existed also a his hacked version called Abacus (only on N-Joypad). Two unofficial iOS remakes of this game were released in 2012 and 2014.

Lode Runner is a puzzle video game, first published by Brøderbund in 1983. It is one of the first games to include a level editor, a feature that allows players to create their own levels for the game. This feature bolstered the game's popularity, as magazines such as Computer Gaming World held contests to see who could build the best level. Tozai, Inc. currently holds the intellectual property[clarification needed] and trademark rights of Lode Runner.

A monopoly (from Greek monos μόνος (alone or single) + polein πωλεῖν (to sell)) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity (this contrasts with a monopsony which relates to a single entity's control of a market to purchase a good or service, and with oligopoly which consists of a few entities dominating an industry). Monopolies are thus characterized by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service and a lack of viable substitute goods. The verb "monopolize" refers to the process by which a company gains the ability to raise prices or exclude competitors. In economics, a monopoly is a single seller. In law, a monopoly is a business entity that has significant market power, that is, the power to charge high prices. Although monopolies may be big businesses, size is not a characteristic of a monopoly. A small business may still have the power to raise prices in a small industry (or market). A monopoly is distinguished from a monopsony, in which there is only one buyer of a product or service; a monopoly may also have monopsony control of a sector of a market. Likewise, a monopoly should be distinguished from a cartel (a form of oligopoly), in which several providers act together to coordinate services, prices or sale of goods. Monopolies, monopsonies and oligopolies are all situations such that one or a few of the entities have market power and therefore interact with their customers (monopoly), suppliers (monopsony) and the other companies (oligopoly) in ways that leave market interactions distorted.[citation needed] Monopolies can be established by a government, form naturally, or form by integration. In many jurisdictions, competition laws restrict monopolies. Holding a dominant position or a monopoly of a market is often not illegal in itself, however certain categories of behavior can be considered abusive and therefore incur legal sanctions when a business is dominant. A government-granted monopoly or legal monopoly, by contrast, is sanctioned by the state, often to provide an incentive to invest in a risky venture or enrich a domestic interest group. Patents, copyright, and trademarks are sometimes used as examples of government granted monopolies. The government may also reserve the venture for itself, thus forming a government monopoly.[citation needed]